The Geography Of The Greece And Roman Empires - 967 Words

The geography of the Greece and Roman Empires seem really similar, both on the coast lines of the Mediterranean Sea. But they are really different in terms of land and what crops they can grow. The Greece Empire while on the Mediterranean Sea had a vast problem with the weather conditions that the sea brought, many earthquakes, hurricanes and volcanoes. They also faced deep valleys and large mountain terrain. This land was not easy to farm wheat but it was a great place to grow olives and grapes. This was almost the opposite for the Roman Empire. They took over the entire land that surrounded the Mediterranean Sea, which included Greece. The Roman Empire acquired rich farmland and many mines. The farmland gave the Romans the ability to produce wheat and the mine produces minerals for trade. The biggest Roman geological force was their ability to trade and kept their economies going for the Romans. Mostly the Romans developed roadways and the trade along the water ways gave them a do minate empire. Culture of the Greece Empire was focused on philosophical truths rather than freedom or rights of the people. Greece was broken into many states; each state had their own laws, while they shared the same religious beliefs and money. Many Greeks believed in sports. Men and boys practiced sports daily. They believed it helped keep them physically fit as well as helped them prepare for war. Most importantly they are known for the Olympic Games, these games were played every fourShow MoreRelatedAn Overview of the Greek and Roman Empire1654 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Victoria Sogbesan Ms.Skinner World History 20 April 2015 Greek: Geography played an important role in the development of Gee civilization. The mountains and the sea played especially significant roles in the development of Greek history. Much of Greece consists of small plains river valleys surrounded by high mountain ranges. The mountain isolated Greeks from one another, causing different Greek communities to develop their own ways of life. The sea also influenced the evolution of Greek societyRead MoreThe Greek And Roman Civilizations830 Words   |  4 Pages . The Greek and Roman Civilizations were quite similar in their Art, their Women’s Rights, and their Geographic location. The Greek believed their painted, sculpted and carved depictions of the people should be absolutely perfect. Especially the men. They found that the physical form was most pleasing to the eye and wanted to accentuate that beauty and deliver it through art. They sought out to present infinite elegance. Flawless statues and paintings showedRead MoreThe Roman Invasion Of Greece Essay1316 Words   |  6 PagesRoman Invasion of Greece After the death of Philip II, his son, Alexander the Great, became ruler of Macedonia. Alexander ruled for thirteen years until his death at 33 years old (Parker 312). Unlike most military leaders, he did not destroy the cities that he conquered. He believed that the barbarians also contributed to society. During his reign, Alexander greatly expanded his empire from Greece to Egypt and also to India (310). In addition to acquiring land, the expansion spread Greek philosophyRead MoreSimilarities Greeks and Romans Essay896 Words   |  4 Pages3RD pd world cultures | Similarities and differences between Greece and Rome. | Essay. | | Zack Skone | 4/18/2013 | This document is about the similarities and differences between Ancient Greece and Rome. | Comparisons and differences between the Ancient Greeks and Romans The Ancient Greeks and Romans both began their histories as city-states. While the coastline and the mountainous terrain of the Greek peninsula isolated the various Greek cities from one another, theRead MoreThe Origins Of Western Civilization1547 Words   |  7 PagesCivilization began in the middle east approximately five thousand years ago, and slowly moved west into Europe. Tis history is highlighted by the rise of many different kingdoms and empires, each with contribution to modern western culture. The following essay will describe the Ancient Greece, the Assyrians and the Ancient Roman, and the legacy each has the study of western civilization. Between 1100 and 387 BCE, the Greeks evolved from a very primitive agricultural society to the most important culturalRead MoreAncient Rome And The Roman Empire1067 Words   |  5 Pagesheight, the Roman Empire was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization. The remains of this empire can still be seen today. The empire was filled with advanced people and technology for its time. The Roman Empire has rich history, helpful geography and resources, provinces, an advanced government, and unique people and culture. Ancient Rome can be divided into three main parts. The Roman Monarchy, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. The Romans believed thatRead MoreComparing Greek and Roman Architecture Essay782 Words   |  4 PagesWhen comparing Greek and Roman architecture and design we see many similarities as well as differences. Greek culture and society came into fruition roughly 1250 years before the rise of the Roman Empire and Roman artisans were strongly inï ¬â€šuenced by their Greek predecessors. However, the Greeks were not without their own inï ¬â€šuences. Egyptian building styles and art were reï ¬ ned by the Greeks as seen in their use of column and lintel construction. It is notable that inï ¬â€šuence from Persia and the AncientRead MoreAncient Rome And The Roman Empire1067 Words   |  5 Pagesheight, the Roman Empire was the most extensive political and social structure in western civilization. The remains of this empire can still be seen today. The empire was filled with advanced people and technology for its time. The Roman Empire has rich history, helpful geography and resources, provinces, an advanced government, and unique people and culture. Ancient Rome can be divided into three main parts. The Roman Monarchy, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire. The Romans believed thatRead MoreHistorical Significance Of The City Of Jerusalem1193 Words   |  5 Pagesabout Jerusalem! For this reason, it is of great benefit to further study this wonderfully significant place. Before looking at the historical significance of Jerusalem, which means â€Å"foundation of peace† (Laney 1988), it is fitting to look at the geography of this city. At an elevation of 2,490 ft. above sea level (Wikipedia 2015a) and â€Å"situated thirty-three miles west of the north end of the Mediterranean Seas and fifteen miles west of the north end of the Dead Sea† (Laney 1988), Jerusalem is locatedRead MoreThe Roman Empire : The Most Extensive Political And Social Structure Of Western Civilization1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe Roman Empire At its height, the Roman Empire was the most extensive political and social structure of western civilization. The remains of this empire can still be seen today. The empire was filled with advanced people and technology for its time. The Roman Empire has rich history, helpful geography and resources, provinces, an advanced government, unique people and a fascinating culture. Ancient Rome can be divided into three main parts. The Roman Monarchy, the Roman Republic, and the

In Cold Blood - 1256 Words

Truman Capote’s non-fiction novel, In Cold Blood, was a breakthrough in literacy in that it was accredited as the first non-fiction novel. There was a lot of controversy when the book was first published because of the incredibility of the work. This could be expected in that time, because people where not familiar with the concept of non-fiction novels yet, but this is where the beauty of this style of writing lies, the recreation of the truth. It would have been impossible for Capote to have documented the occurrence fully, because he only read about the murder after it had happen, after all, this was not what he wanted to do. Capote got a lot of criticism for the book, because of him bending the truth, putting in scenes that never†¦show more content†¦The true art of the non-fiction novel is the missing information that is filled in by the author. Capote does a good job of recreating what had happened before the murders took place. He had a subjective view of Holco mb in the introduction, but he describes it skillfully, trying to bring out the contrast of the quiet small town and the events that were going to take place there. With the extensive research that was done by Capote, he could formulate a good picture of what had happened before the murder. He uses a technique where he splits the story in two, and then moving from one scene with the Clutter family, too the murderers, Dick and Perry and then later between the murderers and the investigating detectives. This allows the reader to constantly be aware of what was taking place and when it had happened. Capote also uses it to create more suspense in the story, leaving you after every scene wanting to know more. Capote used a third person, omniscient point of view in writing the non-fiction novel. This allowed him to convey the thoughts of some of the characters, allowing the reader to be inside the characters mind, experiencing the emotional reality of each scene. This is what makes it a non-fiction novel, the story that was formed by adding little bits of information created by theShow MoreRelatedCold Blood1139 Words   |  5 PagesIn the non-fiction novel In Cold Blood, Truman Capote (1965) gives his own narrative of the Holcomb tragedy in which a family of four living out on a secluded farm were slaughtered with a shotgun by the collaboration of two individuals for a seemingly few dollars. In this novel, Capote gives a thorough character description of the two murderers, Richard Hickock and Perry Smith, as he recreates their experience (much as he sees it as it would be from their eyes). He gives accounts preceding the eventRead MoreIn Cold Blood1371 Words   |  6 PagesTruman Capoteà ¢â‚¬â„¢s use of form in his novel In Cold Blood really grabs the reader’s attention. His manipulation of form makes the reader feel as if they are part of the investigation that occurred after the unforgettable night at the Clutter house. He places the information that he gathered from the research in the book in a very interesting sequence that leaves the reader in a state of confusion. The way he jumps from the investigation to the killers within the book adds a sense of dramatic irony butRead MoreIn Cold Blood999 Words   |  4 PagesIn Truman Capote’s non-fiction novel In Cold Blood, the Clutter family’s murderers, Perry Smith and Dick Hickock, are exposed like never before. The novel allows the reader to experience an intimate understanding of the murderer’s pasts, thoughts, and feelings. It goes into great detail of Smith and Hickock’s pasts which helps to explain the path of life they were walking leading up to the murder’s, as well as the thought’s that were running through their minds after the killings. Perry Smith wasRead MoreIn Cold Blood1043 Words   |  5 PagesThe book I chose to read and do my book journal on this quarter was In Cold Blood by Truman Capote. I really thought that this book was much longer than it really should have been, although it was still a fairly interesting book. The idea that someone you have never met and never heard about could rob and kill everyone in your house is a rather unnerving notion. In this book there is really only one part that I cannot figure out. Towards the end of the book Al Dewey one of the men responsibleRead MoreImagery in in Cold Blood876 Words   |  4 PagesTruly successful authors have the ability to convey their view of a place without actually saying it, to portray a landscape in a certain light simply by describing it. In the opening paragraphs of In Cold Blood, Truman Capote does just this. Through his use of stylistic elements such as selection of detail, imagery, and figurative language, Capote reveals his own solemn and mysterious view of Holcomb, Kansas, while setting the stage for an imminent change. Beginning in the first line of the passageRead MoreCold Blood by Truman Capote900 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1965, Truman Capote created the infamous tale known as â€Å"In Cold Blood†. The book created the illusion of fantasy while based on reality. Many people were floored at the brilliance Capote demonstrated within the pages. The book took the literary concept of a novel with the literary elements of designed scenes, characters, a story formed with an introduction, rising action, climax and resolution to the real events surrounding the murder of the Clutter family. Those that worked in the field ofRead MoreIn Cold Blood Authorial Intents1703 Words   |  7 PagesIn Cold Blood: Two Intents, One Novel On November 15, 1959, the whole nation was shocked by a ghastly murder involving four family members in the discrete farm town of Holcomb, Kansas. It was most shocking because a crime of this magnitude with no motive was rare. This was so discomforting a well known author, by the name of Truman Capote, moved to Holcomb to record the townspeople’s reaction to the tragedy. The idea of how they responded to the crime gave Capote the idea to write a book. In ColdRead MoreIn Cold Blood Book Review896 Words   |  4 Pagesand motives of complex crime, read Truman Capote’s â€Å"In Cold Blood: A True Account of a Multiple Murder and Its Consequences.† If one scares easily, is squeamish or wants to avoid imagining a remorseless, brutal killer around every corner, do not. In his 1965 nonfiction novel, Capote paints a disturbingly vivid picture of the quadruple murder of the Clutters, a highly regarded and semi-wealthy farming family from Holcomb, Kansas. In Cold Blood examines the incentives and methods used by the killersRead MoreCold Blood By Truman Capote1322 Words   |  6 Pages In Cold Blood by Truman Capote would be a good, diverse addition to the ENG 3U course for many reasons, beginning with how the novel is non-fiction, but still manages to create a story line, while remaining appealing for the reason that it differs from most novels on course syllabus to the way the author can make you feel for the characters. In Cold Blood is a novel written about a real life event that happened in Holcomb, Kansas, 1959. A family of four is murdered in their house in cold bloodRead MoreCold Blood : The Trial Of The Century966 Words   |  4 PagesIn Cold Blood verses the Trial of the Century Timelines and storytelling are two of the important aspects of any trial which occurs in the American Courts. The story of â€Å"In Cold Blood† by Truman Capote’s original publication in a four part article in The New Yorker, In Cold Blood was turned into a movie, some would say a documentary of the mass murder, it mirrors the crime O.J. Simpson was accused of in many aspects as being brutal and deliberate but as in both instances the stories appear to bring

International Finance Importance of Forecasting

Question: Discuss about the case study International Finance for Importance of Forecasting. Answer: Introduction The aim of this particular study is to portray the importance of forecasting that can be used by the investors in order to help them in making decisions regarding investment. Moreover, it has been noted that this specified study helps in the evaluation of various kinds of models regarding forecasting that might help the investors in increasing the total return from their overall amount of investment. In addition to these, it can also be said that the particular study also guides to understand the comparison between the return which is created from USD/ AUD along with the method of normal distribution. Additionally, the implementation of the process of evaluation helps the novice to understand the present trend in the USD/ AUD efficiently and effectively in order to depict the decision regarding investment that can be adopted by most of the customers for increasing their total return amount (Gomes et al. 2013). In addition to this, the novice has used the data of the year 2003 for cre ating an accurate and authentic outcome. This might be useful for the novice to understand the trend of return distribution of USD/ AUD. Evaluation of the Distribution Method for USD/ AUD and Graphical Representation of its Return: Figure 1: The Continuous Return of USD/ AUD that Generated from the Year 2003 till Today (Source: Created by Author) The above graph indicates that the entire spontaneous return that has been given by USD/ AUD from the data and information of the year 2003 till present day. In addition to this, after the analysis of the entire figures it can be said that the USD/ AUD has a special type of approach for distribution that is known as non-symmetric approach of distribution. According to Okawa and Van Wincoop (2012), the return of stock is primarily considered as non-symmetric. Moreover, this stock return can also be counted as the basic rule for supply and demand that is able to lose its friction for the determination of the stock prices. Therefore, it can be said that the return offered by the USD/ AUD does not tracks the system of normal distribution. On the contrary, Mundy and Menashy (2014) stated that some of the inexperienced investors still use the statistical method of distribution for the identification of the opportunities within the share market that primarily raises the entire risk from the term of investment. Providing Evidence for the Distribution Method of the USD/ AUD by using the Normal Thumb Rule of 68-95-99.7: Mean Value -0.00849959 Value of Standard Deviation 0.84263895 Normal Rule of Thumb From To Total Numbers of observations At 68% of the rule -0.8511385 0.834139353 2588 At 95% of the rule -1.6937775 1.676778299 666 At 97.7% of the rule -2.5364164 2.519417245 109 Total 3363 Table 1: Illustrating the Return Distribution of USD/ AUD by Using the Normal Thumb Rule of 68-95-99.7 (Source: Created by Author) The above provided table primarily guides the novice to depict and also to compare the distribution of the return that has been provided through USD/ AUD. In addition to this, the above particular table is also useful for portraying the several numbers of observations which lies underneath the distribution of normal thumb rule of 68-95-99.7. Moreover, it has been found that about 2632 observations are under the rule of 68 %, around 636 observations are under the rule of 95 % and only 97 observations are under the rule of 97.7 %. Nevertheless, the overall value that has been used by the particular thumb rule of normal distribution is found to be 3363. This specified value is relatively lesser than the total numbers of observations that have been used during the calculations i.e. 3406. In addition to these, this specified evidence is considered as sufficient for understanding the concept and method of normal distribution that is the method of normal distribution is not implemented to t he distribution of return which is offered by USD/ AUD. Moreover, the particular thumb rule of normal distribution i.e. 68-95-99.7 normal thumb rule primarily distributes the information and data in the range, whether it has the characteristics of normal distribution or not. It has been found that as per Kalinowski (2012), the irregular distribution of return primarily helps the investors for using the growth model. This growth model helps in reducing the risk percentage from the total return. Opined to Tyson, Te Velde and Griffiths-Jones (2014), the return from the stock market is counted as predetermined than the entire trust of the investors that could be deduced and can also affect the capital markets liquidity. Analysis of the Graphical Differences between the Artificially Created and Actual Returns: Figure 2: Portraying the Differences between Artificial and Continues Returns (Source: Created by Author) The above graph indicates the difference between the actual and continuous return that is offered by the USD/ AUD from the data and information from the year 2013 till the present day. Moreover, the spontaneous compound return primarily helps to give enormous calculations of the return which is developed from a specified stock. Additionally, Isard, Razin and Rose (2012) stated that the spontaneous method of return primarily uses the LN function that is used in the particular stocks that have high beta in order to evaluate the overall return and the risks that are created due to volatility. Nevertheless, the normal return provides value based on the probability. It has been found that the relatively smaller investors evaluate the change percentages in the prices of certain shares that use the method of calculating cumulative return. On the contrary, ChiÃ…Â £u, Eichengreen and Mehl (2014) stated that most of the investors use the calculation of return on the basis of its own awaren ess that raises the exposure to risk in their portfolio. Portraying the Current Trend of USD/ AUD and Preparing Effective Strategies of Trading: Figure 3: Portraying the Current Trend of USD/ AUD (Source: Created by Author) The above graph indicates the entire movement of price of USD/ AUD from the year 2003 till present day. These data and figures generally help to evaluate the entire strategies that might be used for making enormous investment for next 30 days. Opined to Dincer and Eichengreen (2012), the investors primarily use the historical prices for evaluating the entire trend of the stock market and also to make a decision regarding an enormous amount of investment. In addition to these, the mean has been found to be -0.008499593 and the Standard Deviation (SD) have been found to be 0.84263895. These values primarily help to depict that the trend of USD/ AUD is currently a downtrend. Use of Adequate Hypothesis for Testing the Investment Decisions for Next 30 Days: Statistics of Regression Multiple R 0.308344642 R Square 0.095076418 Adjusted R Square 0.062757719 Standard Error 0.011841204 Interpretations 30 ANOVA CALCULATIONS df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.000412487 0.000412 2.941839 0.097361 Residual 28 0.003925995 0.00014 Total 29 0.004338483 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 1.3348033 0.002171362 614.7309 2.24E-59 1.330355 1.339251 1.330355 1.339251 X Variable 1 0.005799303 0.003381165 1.715179 0.097361 -0.00113 0.012725 -0.00113 0.012725 Table 2: Portraying the Calculation of Hypothesis for Analyzing the Trend of USD/ AUD (Source: Created by Author) This above table primarily helps in identifying the hypotheses calculation that is used for making sufficient decisions regarding investment. In addition to this, the entire hypotheses calculations primarily help to depict the initiation of the Sell Side traders that can be conducted by the investors. Moreover, the valuation of the entire hypotheses is conducted based on the previous 30 days in order to determine the opportunities in the short run period. This process is generally used by the investors. Additionally, the standard error has been found to be 0.011841204 that indicates the continuation of the downtrend in the USD/ AUD. Opined to Gray and Richard (2014), these hypotheses primarily help the investors in making several assumptions that might decrease the probability of risks from the investments. Prompting the Efficiency of FX Market through Random Walk Model and Autoregressive of Order 1 Model: The spontaneous return that is offered by the FX market can be evaluated efficiently from various types of return calculations and hypotheses. In addition to these, after the evaluation of the continuous return that developed from the data of the year 2003 to present days, it can be conducted that there are no important return provided to the investors. It has been found that the FX market does not have much fluctuation that might affect the return directly that is provided from various currencies. Moreover, with the help of Random Walk Model and Autoregressive of order 1 model the investors derive the movement of future price of USD/ AUD effectively. In addition to this, the Autoregressive of order 1 model primarily adds value and intercept that can be multiplied effectively with the closing price of the present day. As per Shim and Constas (2016), the methodology of forecasting primarily helps in identifying the future trends that might help to reduce the entire risk of the investm ent. Evaluation of Best Model that can be implemented for Forecasting the Future: Evaluating Random Walk Model Random Walk Model MSE RMSE MAE 0.00042 0.020390349 0.0180 Period A F Abs SQ error Error(A-F) 7/15/2016 1.311303 1.313400178 0.00209674 4.39633E-06 -0.0020967 7/18/2016 1.315789 1.312912562 0.00287691 8.27662E-06 0.00287691 7/19/2016 1.328198 1.312424945 0.01577269 0.000248778 0.01577269 7/20/2016 1.333156 1.311937329 0.02121825 0.000450214 0.02121825 7/21/2016 1.335648 1.311449713 0.02419874 0.000585579 0.02419874 7/22/2016 1.337614 1.310962097 0.0266516 0.000710308 0.0266516 7/25/2016 1.336005 1.310474481 0.02553086 0.000651825 0.02553086 7/26/2016 1.329257 1.309986864 0.01927008 0.000371336 0.01927008 7/27/2016 1.336541 1.309499248 0.02704178 0.000731258 0.02704178 7/28/2016 1.328904 1.309011632 0.01989202 0.000395693 0.01989202 Table 3: Portraying the Method of Forecast Random Walk Model (Source: Created by Author) Evaluating Autoregressive of order 1 model Autoregressive of order 1 model RMSE MAE MSE 0.026483887 -0.0258 0.00070 Period A F SQ error Abs Error(A-F) 7/15/2016 1.311303436 1.340891409 0.000875448 0.029587973 -0.029587973 7/18/2016 1.315789474 1.338253936 0.000504652 0.022464462 -0.022464462 7/19/2016 1.328197636 1.342832173 0.00021417 0.014634537 -0.014634537 7/20/2016 1.333155579 1.355495353 0.000499065 0.022339774 -0.022339774 7/21/2016 1.335648457 1.360555194 0.000620346 0.024906737 -0.024906737 7/22/2016 1.337613697 1.363099307 0.000649516 0.02548561 -0.02548561 7/25/2016 1.336005344 1.365104937 0.000846786 0.029099593 -0.029099593 7/26/2016 1.329256945 1.363463529 0.00117009 0.034206583 -0.034206583 7/27/2016 1.336541032 1.356576434 0.000401417 0.020035402 -0.020035402 7/28/2016 1.328903654 1.364010226 0.001232471 0.035106572 -0.035106572 Table 4: Portraying the Method of Forecast Autoregressive of order 1 model (Source: Created by Author) Both of these above tables i.e. Table 3 and Table 4 primarily helps to depict the methods of forecast - Random Walk Model and Autoregressive of order 1 model respectively. These particular models can be used for forecasting the trends of the future regarding USD/ AUD. Moreover, the Autoregressive of order 1 model has a negative MAE, so this can affect the entire process of future forecasting regarding USD/ AUD. However, it can be said that the Random walk model is considered as the most accurate or appropriate model for forecasting the future as it has a positive effect and positive values regarding RMSE, MAE and MSE. In addition to these, during the period of calculating the variance between the actual prices and the forecasted prices, it has been noted that primarily the RWM has depicted the nearest prediction value that might be used for the generation of higher return from the investment. Opined to Cafaggi and Miller (2013), due to the spontaneous volatility, it has been found th at the forecasted prices generally depict the entire trend that in turn raises the risk probability of the investors. Risk Assessment and Implications for the Investment on Daily Basis Particulars Value ($) Value of Portfolio 1000000 Average Return -0.037383246 Standard Deviation 0.000405447 Level of Confidence 0.99 Calculations Min Return with 99% probability -0.038326457 Portfolio Value 961673.5430 Value at Risk 38326.4570 Percentage Risk 3.83% Table 5: Evaluation of Investment Risk The Parametric Method (Source: Created by Author) The above table represents the calculation of parametric method by help of which the total amount of risk from the investment has been calculated and it is represented as $38326.4570. This particular type of method primarily implies that its implementation will result into 3.83 % of risk in terms of investment of around 1 million USD. Therefore, it can be said that the volatility of the financial market might increase the entire risk implications for the subsequent 90 days. Moreover, Philippon and Reshef (2013) stated that during the economic crisis, the forecasted prices might lose its friction and can also enhance the probability of risk regarding the entire portfolio. Figure 5: Evaluation of Investment Risk Historical Method (Source: Created by Author) Moreover, the above graph implies that the particular method of historical simulation is very useful for analyzing the investment risk effectively. In addition to this, it has been found that the entire risk lies within the range of 0.08909734 to 0.091654614. This range effectively depicts that both the minimum and maximum return can be developed from the investment of an amount of 1 million USD. Additionally, it can also be said that the maximum risk lies within the range of -0.009408956 to 0.018153836 that might affect the entire investment risk of an amount of 1 million USD. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that this particular study primarily helps in the process of evaluation of various kinds of investment strategies that can be used by the investors in order to make several decisions regarding investment. Moreover, it has been found that the Random Walk Model is considered as the accurate method for forecasting that might be used by the investors for making several decisions regarding investment. Additionally, it has been depicted that the entire risk evaluation could be organized through both historical and parametric simulation method. Finally, this study also depicts the present trend of USD/ AUD by using the hypothesis and harmonic method. References Gomes, S., Jacquinot, P., Mohr, M. and Pisani, M., 2013. Structural reforms and macroeconomic performance in the Euro Area countries: a modelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based assessment.International Finance,16(1), pp.23-44. Okawa, Y. and Van Wincoop, E., 2012. Gravity in international finance.Journal of international Economics,87(2), pp.205-215. Mundy, K. and Menashy, F., 2014. Investing in private education for poverty alleviation: The case of the World Bank's International Finance Corporation.International Journal of Educational Development,35, pp.16-24. Tyson, J., Te Velde, D. and Griffiths-Jones, S., 2014. Current and Future Trends In International Finance To Developing Countries.London: ODI. Kalinowski, T., 2012. Regulating international finance and the diversity of capitalism.Socio-Economic Review, p.mws023. Isard, P., Razin, A. and Rose, A.K. eds., 2012.International finance and financial crises: essays in honor of Robert P. Flood, Jr. Springer Science Business Media. ChiÃ…Â £u, L., Eichengreen, B. and Mehl, A., 2014. History, gravity and international finance.Journal of International Money and Finance,46, pp.104-129. Dincer, N.N. and Eichengreen, B., 2012. The architecture and governance of financial supervision: Sources and implications.International Finance,15(3), pp.309-325. Gray, H.P. and Richard, S.C. eds., 2014.International finance in the new world order. Elsevier. Shim, J.K. and Constas, M., 2016.Encyclopedic dictionary of international finance and banking. CRC Press. Cafaggi, F. and Miller, G.P., 2013.The governance and regulation of international finance. Edward Elgar Publishing. Philippon, T. and Reshef, A., 2013. An international look at the growth of modern finance.The Journal of Economic Perspectives,27(2), pp.73-96.

Analysis Of Marketing Mix Of NAPCO Group †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Analysis Of Digital Marketing Mix Of The NAPCO Group? Answer: Introduction Digital marketing can be used a term that collectively includes all the marketing activities that are done utilizing the technology. It uses digital channels such as social media to market its products. Todays organisation utilise digital marketing to achieve new heights of success. The major motive of digital marketing is to create brand awareness and engaging the customers. Social media promotions have turned out to be the most important and productive medium of digital communications. This report deeply analyses digital marketing mix of an Saudi Arabian company NAPCO group which deals in packaging. It also studies the marketing mix of its competitor firm. The report involves recommendations for the company that could be taken for the betterment of the digital marketing mix. About NAPCO: Company Overview: NAPCO is one of the leading manufacturing groups in Saudi Arabia. As seen in the appendix the company has well designed , simple and attractive logo. The company has its headquarters in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. NAPCO is a commercial organization working to maximize its profits. Today the company conducts its business around the globe and it is one of the top ranked companies of Middle East. The group owns 10 companies with over 5540 employees. It basically deals in three strategic segments consumer products, flexible packaging, and paper containers. (NAPCO 2017). From the appendix it can be seen that NAPCOs consumer products brands range from baby care products to family care and household products. NAPCOs brands are licensed from INDEVCO. NAPCOs flexible packaging segment serves the Europen, GCC, Middle East in African markets. This segment consists of 7 companies situated in Dammam and Jeddah in Saudi. The paper container segments serve European, GCC and Levant markets. This section p roduces a wide range of corrugated containers to serve the needs of various industries. The major competitors of the company are FIPCO, Saudi Pack, Al Sharq Flexible Packaging Factories, Al-Ghadeer Group, Saudi Arabian Packaging Industry WLL, Noor Carton Packaging Industry and Gulf Packaging Industries Ltd. The customer base of the company includes both B2B and B2C companies. The companys current digital marketing practices include responsive website design and social media presence. The company is does not have well developed digital marketing activities it is working in this field to enhance its digital marketing and grasp more opportunities. The company is a popular name in the Middle East. Three opportunities: Middle East is on the verge of digital revolution. Digitalisation has increased with high smart phone adoption rate and increased use of social media. The Middle East companies are ready to lead digitally enhanced lives. Although businesses and government have still not exploited those opportunities (Elmasry, Benni, Patel, Jan and Moore 2016).Three opportunities presented by changes in external environment- Online Audience Optimization Will Become Mainstream This is the most emerging opportunity in Saudi markets. This technology will replace the old search engine optimization. The new SEO trend would provide a better way to target the potential customers (Albhaishi, Wahsheh and Alghamdi 2014). The online audience optimization will encourage the target audience participation by social media networks, innovative and creative blogs and informative online articles. This technology will help not only in advertising but also effectively integrates mobile strategy (Lee, Jalali and Dasdan 2013). This is a kind of new digital platform is an emerging opportunity for NAPCO group. It can implement this technology. This technology provides the benefits of linking to the potential clients more effectively and efficiently. Mobile friendly content The use of mobile phones has increased worldwide. More and more people now own a smart phone. This provides the businesses and opportunity to do their marketing and reach to the potential customers through smartphones. According to a report, 90 per cent of the sales of the connected device will be smartphones and tablets by 2020 (Lunden 2015). To exploit best from this opportunity the companies should provide a mobile friendly content on their websites. Also, they should approach their customers utilizing this technology. It is necessary to provide a great experience to the customers that are browsing companys websites through mobile phones. It provides benefits of enhanced customer relation, maintaining a constant touch with the customer and gets more genuine clients than the competitors (prolines 2015). Arabic content marketing in Saudi Arabia Another opportunity is available in the field of content marketing. To exploit this opportunity company must publish high quality and informative content on popular websites (Jrvinen and Taiminen 2016). For Saudi markets optimizing unique Arabic content will help the firm to attract more B2B customers. The Arabic content marketing strategies such as press releases, blog posts, articles, newsletters etc. will help to reach millions of customers. This will ultimately enhance the profitability of the firm (prolines 2015). The importance of being customer focused: In todays era customer is considered as the king of the market. Todays customer does not rely only on to a single firm. He has a variety of options available in the market. The customer does not rely only on the company website and marketing force for getting information about the products of the customer (So, King, Sparks, and Wang, 2013). The customer has various other sources such as review sites, blogs, and social media to gain information about strengths and weakness of the product. Todays customers have complete control over the buying process. Therefore todays marketers need to develop effective digital marketing strategies to create an outstanding experience for its customers. The customers now are now well informed and they have various choices therefore if the company does not want to lose its customers it needs to be customer focused. Right digital marketing strategies can only be developed if the company is customer focused. It is also very important to analyze customer b ehavior if the company uses customer behavior statistics it will be able to create hyper specific digital marketing strategies. The companys digital marketing strategies will only be successful if it helps customers to discover the value. To make the appropriate digital marketing strategies for the customers it is required to get insights about customer behavior so that the ideal experience in terms of customers can easily be predicted. NAPCO should identify different needs of its customers both for the B2B segment and B2C segments. This will help the company to build different digital marketing strategies that will effective strive at each of the segments. Also, it needs to develop different digital marketing strategies for markets of Europe, Middle East, Africa and GCC. Consumers in every market have different characteristics and analysis of these character tics is necessary to develop effective marketing strategies. Analyzing consumer behavior is more important for determining ef fective digital marketing activities because it gives the ideas about the trend in the market (Polizzi 2016). Example: 80% of targeted customers use smartphone they are tech savvy, will help the firm to develop digital marketing strategies taking smartphone as an important tool. Therefore, importance of being customer focused and understanding the consumer behaviour for developing effective digital marketing strategies cannot be neglected. Digital Marketing Mix Digital marketing mix of NAPCO How company uses digital marketing across marketing mix The digital marketing mix of NAPCO can be categorized into 4Ps. The digital marketing mix is simply an adoption of traditional marketing mix it is impacted the growing use of the internet. Four Ps of NAPCOs marketing mix are: The company has expanded its product portfolio. Initially, the company just manufactured just paper products but now the company has expanded its product portfolio to consumer products, flexible packaging, and paper containers. The effective product can only be developed by using technology and conducting online surveys (Gruner, Homburg and Lukas 2014). These online surveys helped the firm to know what customers actually want and saves the time and efforts. NAPCO also does research and development using technology. Online sources have given the firms access to know how much the product actually costs and they can also really know the prices of the competitors. NAPCO does not make use of online sources to determine the prices of the products. It has adopted the value based pricing strategy and prices are quoted according to the value that it provides to the customers (Armstrong, Kotler, Harker, and Brennan 2015). Companys products are available in the Middle East, European and African market. The company takes orders online but it does not have a well-established e-commerce website. It takes B2B orders through emails. The company does not take retails orders online. The company also do not have a proper product catalog with prices on its website. It just sends the catalog to its regular customers. The company makes an effective use of digital marketing activities for the promotion of its products. Apart from the traditional sources such as TV, Radio and print media, it is using various other sources for promotion. The company is shifting its focus from traditional promotional sources to digital marketing. It is using social media, content writing and providing a responsive website to its customers. The digital marketing mix of the company demonstrates although the company is effectively using digital media in research, development and promotional activities it is not using it effectively to determine the price. The customers of the company also expect an online e-commerce website so that it becomes easy to shop for the products but currently the company does not hold any such website. The company should make more effective use of digital marketing to stand up to the customer expectations. Digital marketing mix of Gulf packaging Ltd: Gulf packaging Ltd is the competitor of the company. The digital marketing mix of Gulf packaging is given below: The firm does not have wide product portfolio. It produces all types of BOPP films (gulfpack 2015). The product portfolio of NAPCO is much wider than the Gulf packaging. The company works in its selected portfolio and does not use technology for further research and development. The firm uses the technology to fix the prices of its products. It constantly monitors the prices of its competitors and the market trends and frames its prices accordingly. It charges different prices in the different nation by drawing information about each of the nations. This helps the firms to generate more profits. The firm sells its products in Europe, North America, and the Middle East. This firm does not accept online orders they accept the big orders from the regular customers over the phone. The company do not provide product catalog to the customers over the website it sends the quotation for different products over the email, on demand. South American Commercial premises of the company are responsible for marketing and promotional activities. The company is engaged in traditional promotional activities basically using print media. The company does not use much digital marketing activities from the promotion. But recently the company has opted for social media marketing as a promotional activity. Gulf packaging Ltd does not make effective use of digital marketing. It has used technology for deciding the process of its products and also uses social media marketing for the promotion of its products. The digital marketing mix of the company is not well developed. The firm does not sell its products online. The digital marketing mix of the company is just in the growing phase. How digital marketing mix could be improved: The digital marketing mix of the company is can be improved in various ways. It can be improved if a company the company learns few things from its competitors. The company should use technology for determining the prices of its products. It should learn from its competitors they use the same strategy to earn its profits. Also, the NAPCO is in the beginning phase of digital marketing. The company should engage in activities such as press releases, use LinkedIn profile this will help to build a network and attract more B2B customers (Hannouz 2015). The customers of the company expect an online website for buying and selling of products. The company should pay attention to this expectation and offer its products for sale online. The other measures that can help the firm to improve its digital marketing strategy are finding creative ways for customer acquisition by using digital media. The company should utilize its data efficiently to create a personalized experience for its customers web analytics solution can help the company in collecting and analyzing the data. The firm is already engaged in social media marketing activities, the firm can make use of live streaming to develop its digital market mix. Live streaming is the recent trend in digital marketing but the content chosen in live streaming should be really brainstorming (Shoolian 2017). Another way in which firm can effectively use the ephemeral content. Now a days websites such as Instagram, snap chat, and Facebook provide the opportunity to upload data that automatically disappear after a set time period. This can help the companies to upload special offers and deals. Digital Marketing Plan SMART objectives of the company: SMART objectives of the company can be defined as the goals which are specific, measurable, actionable, relevant and time bound (Bjerke and Renger 2017). The two objectives for the company to enhance online customer experience are: Achieve online 10% online revenue contribution within 2 years To increase the online revenue by 10% NAPCO needs to work very hard. First of all, it needs to set up its e-commerce website. The company needs to take feedbacks from the customers about the website and make all the possible changes required. The company needs to effectively manage the delivery time so that the orders are reached to the customers within the time range. The companies should also provide a column for customized orders from the customers. The next step is spreading awareness in the customers about the online availability of products using the digital media for advertisement. The company should also provide some offers at the initial stage when the website is launched. All this will help the company to achieve 10%online revenue contribution. Increase the brand awareness by making at least 500 twitter followers to 1000 within a year To increase the brand awareness of NAPCOs product the company needs to increase the number of followers on twitter. It needs to achieve the target of 1000 followers within a year.Twitter is a powerful business tool and could be a great help if utilized optimally (Moody 2016). There are many ways NAPCO can increase the number of followers on twitter by using tools such as Hootshoot and Sproutsocial. NAPCO can also use Twiends to find the new users whom the company can connect. Another strategy that can be adopted by the company to increase the number of followers on twitter is following more people because there is a correlation between numbers of people followed and the number of followers (Demers 2015). The above two stated are SMART objectives that should be the key targets of the company to develop the digital marketing mix. The company should lay emphasis on enhancing customer experience. Recommended digital marketing mix of the company: Suggested digital marketing mix for NAPCO to improve its online customer experience: Product The company has wide product portfolio. It can enhance its portfolio by using technology for research and development. It can use integrated tool set for SEO, email and lead intelligence tools to get consumer information and design more customized product to satisfy individual customer demands. Price The firm operates on value based pricing strategy. To earn more profits the company should use technology to determine the appropriate prices. NAPCO should constantly obtain upgraded data by using information technology to gain information about prices of the competitors and current market trends. The company y needs to sell its products on an online platform. The company should sell its products on the online website to reach a large number of customers. The company can use online network partners to enhance the availability of products at various products (Lien, Wu, Chien, and Lee 2017). The company uses digital marketing activities such as social media marketing. The company should adopt more digital marketing promotional activities such as innovative and creative blogs, search marketing Pay-per-click advertising (PPC), Affiliate marketing and email marketing. People are the main aspect for the success of every company. The company needs to hire some specialist from the field of computers and digital marketing. It also needs to provide training to its staff about successfully implementing digital marketing processes in the organization (Parmenter 2015) There is the need to effectively manage old processes and implement some new processes needs to be implemented. The company needs to implement a new process to start the online sale of its new products. It needs to effectively manage the product delivery process to ensure that goods are delivered within the stipulated time (Stadtler 2015). The suggested changes will also help to attain the above stated two SMART objectives for the company the changes made should help to increase the number of followers and also increasing the online revenue generations these changes are directly related to the Smart objectives. These tactical activities will provide direct benefits to the consumer and thus help to improve online customer experience. Measure to monitor and control recommended marketing mix The company can monitor and control the recommended marketing mix by various metrics and methods. The company can use Google analytics to monitor and control the recommended marketing mix. This tool provides a huge summary of data related to your website (Cain 2012). NAPCO can analyze this data on the weekly or monthly basis to analyze the effectiveness of the recommended marketing mix. For example data about people that visit the website will help to monitor the trend about brand awareness. Another effective method is designing a response-attribution infrastructure to support all channels. Digital marketing mix uses multiple channels, therefore, campaign hierarchy must account for each channel along with the appropriate roll-ups so that measurement aligns with business goals (Ewald and Krishnamurthy 2009). It includes developing a framework to measure each and every step is monitored individually. The company can also use automated tools for analytics and visual reporting. Nowadays there are a variety of tools available in the market that help to regularly track selected metrics. NAPCO can get access to these tools and effectively analyze its reports regarding the operations. The recommended digital marketing mix for NAPCO has suggested changes in the process by using the latest technology these changes can be effectively monitored if the company uses the automated tools. Their company can monitor and control the effects and performance of recommended marketing mix but there is no set unit of measurement for this. Although the measurement can be done on the basis of ROI and online revenues this will only provide with the estimates, not the exact figures (Holloman 2014). This is because the recommended marketing mix involves both qualitative and quantitates terms. After implementing the recommended marketing mix the company should analyse its ROI and online revenues time to time to know the effectiveness of the process. Conclusion It can be concluded that NAPCO does not have a well-developed digital marketing mix. The company is in its beginning phase regarding the use of technology in marketing. It has grown tremendously but now it has come to a stagnant position. Its customers now demand online selling of products. The company only takes online orders that also through emails, but not it needs to set up its e commerce website for growing further. The company already uses social media marketing but now it needs to design and use social media marketing campaigns more creatively. The company has already adopted the path of digital marketing, now it just needs to make some recommendations efforts to achieve the corporate excellence. References Albhaishi, A., Wahsheh, H. and Alghamdi, T., 2014, May. Evaluating Web Ranking Metrics for Saudi Universities. InZaytoonah University International Engineering Conference on Design and Innovation in Sustainability 2014(No. 156988). Zaytoonah University, Amman, Jordan. Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Bjerke, M.B., and Renger, R., 2017. 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